Prevalence and associated variables to alcohol abuse in public transportation drivers in Lima, Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v88i4.6035Palavras-chave:
alcohol use disorders, alcoholism, public transportation, PeruResumo
Antecedentes: Os transtornos por uso de álcool (TUA) podem ser mais prevalentes em países em desenvolvimento do que em países desenvolvidos. Este estudo analisa a associação entre variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e de saúde mental com os TUA em motoristas de transporte público em Lima, Peru.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise secundária de uma pesquisa transversal com dados de 278 motoristas de ônibus (MO) e 227 motoristas de mototáxi (MMT) de 25 empresas de transporte selecionadas por amostragem em bola de neve. Os TUA foram avaliados com o questionário CAGE (pontos de corte ≥1 para TUA-1 e ≥2 para TUA-2). Também foram coletadas variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais e de saúde mental, incluindo depressão, ansiedade e exaustão. A prevalência e os fatores associados foram analisados por modelos de regressão logística.
Resultados: As prevalências de TUA-1 e TUA-2 foram de 74,4% e 58,4%, respectivamente. Foi encontrada variação significativa entre as empresas de MO (p=0,001), mas não entre MO e MMT. Para TUA-1, os fatores associados foram ser homem (OR=7,8; IC 95%: 1,8-34,1), ser MO (OR=0,27; IC 95%: 0,13-0,56) e estar divorciado (OR=9,5; IC 95%: 1,14-79,03). Para TUA-2, ser homem (OR=5,49; IC 95%: 1,50-20,07), ser MO (OR=0,52; IC 95%: 0,30-0,92) e a subescala de despersonalização (OR=1,05; IC 95%: 1,005-1,10) foram significativos.
Conclusões: Os TUA são frequentes entre motoristas de transporte público em Lima. Ser homem e motorista de mototáxi aumenta o risco, enquanto a despersonalização está associada à gravidade do consumo. Estudos adicionais são necessários para avaliar a causalidade.
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