Asociación entre el uso de cocaína y los resultados negativos del tratamiento de tuberculosis: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
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https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v87i4.5818Palabras clave:
cocaína, tuberculosis, abandono del tratamientoResumen
La tuberculosis (TB) sigue siendo una carga significativa para la salud mundial, y el abuso de sustancias es una comorbilidad frecuente. Las drogas derivadas de la coca, en particular el crack y el clorhidrato de cocaína, se han relacionado con resultados negativos en el tratamiento de la TB. Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo sintetizar la evidencia sobre la asociación entre el consumo de crack o el clorhidrato de cocaína y los resultados del tratamiento de la TB. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en varias bases de datos (PubMed, Ovid, EBSCOhost, Lilacs y Google Scholar) utilizando términos de búsqueda estructurados. Los estudios elegibles fueron incluidos en un metaanálisis utilizando STATA 16. Resultados: Se incluyeron cinco estudios en el análisis. En general, el consumo de crack o clorhidrato de cocaína se asoció con un mayor riesgo de abandono o no finalización del tratamiento de TB (OR = 2,73; IC 95 %: 1,33-5,61). En el subgrupo de personas con TB activa, esta asociación fue particularmente fuerte para el abandono (OR = 7,029; IC 95 %: 2,66-18,57). Sin embargo, no se observó una asociación significativa entre el consumo de crack o clorhidrato de cocaína y la no finalización del tratamiento en el subgrupo con TB latente (OR = 1,26; IC 95 %: 0,77-2,05). Conclusiones: El consumo de crack o clorhidrato de cocaína se asocia con resultados adversos en el tratamiento de TB, en particular con el abandono en individuos con TB activa. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de abordar el abuso de sustancias como parte de las estrategias integrales de control de la TB.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Paulo Ruiz-Grosso
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
