Distrés peritraumático, enfermedades previas e ingesta de medicamentos en médicos en actividad presencial durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Lima, Perú
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v87i2.5098Palabras clave:
COVID-19, salud mental, distrés peritraumático, médicos, primera líneaResumen
Objetivo: Determinar la relación y los factores conexos entre enfermedades preexistentes, ingesta de medicamentos y distrés peritraumático en médicos en actividad presencial en Lima (Perú) durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: El estudio incluyó a médicos que laboraban en primera línea de contacto con pacientes con COVID-19 y/o en áreas diferentes. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Índice de Distrés Peritraumático relacionado a COVID-19 (CPDI), el Cuestionario sobre Salud del Paciente (9 ítems) (PHQ-9) y la Escala para el Trastorno de Ansiedad Generalizada (7 ítems) (GAD-7). Se siguió un modelo lineal general tomando los valores del CPDI como variable dependiente para evaluar los factores relacionados con el distrés. Resultados: De un total de 288 médicos, el 54,50 % laboraba en primera línea. El CPDI muestra una relación directa con GAD-7 y PHQ-9, así como con enfermedad médica. Hubo también una relación estadísticamente significativa con la interacción entre las variables primera línea, enfermedad médica e ingesta de algún medicamento. El análisis post-hoc mostró mayor distrés en médicos que no trabajaban en primera línea, que tenían alguna enfermedad y que recibían alguna medicación, en comparación con médicos del mismo grupo laboral pero sin enfermedades ni ingesta de medicamentos. Se encontró, asimismo, mayor distrés en médicos que laboraban en primera línea, que adolecían de alguna enfermedad y que no tomaban medicación alguna. Conclusiones: Los valores de distrés ocasionado por la COVID-19 en médicos se encuentran directamente relacionados no solamente con niveles declarados de ansiedad y depresión, sino también con la presencia de alguna enfermedad. En médicos que no laboraban en primera línea, la presencia conjunta de enfermedad y tratamiento con medicación para la misma condicionó valores elevados de distrés.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Juan Diego Mendoza Saldaña, Martín Arévalo Flores, Hever Krüger Malpartida, Victor Anculle-Arauco, Mauricio Dancuart-Mendoza, Yadhira Pérez-Quiñones, Janeth Torres Mayta, Bruno Pedraz-Petrozzi
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
