Educational level of food providers and sugar consumption in Peruvian children: analysis of the 2021 Nutritional Food Surveillance survey by Life Stages
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/reh.v36i1.7600Keywords:
educational level, sugar consumption, eating behavior, oral health, nutritional surveysAbstract
Objective: To identify the association between the educational level of the primary food provider and the frequency of sugar consumption in Peruvian children aged 5 to 11, based on data from the 2021 Nutritional Food Surveillance Survey by Life Stages (VIANEV). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study design was used, analyzing a final sample of 689 records that met the selection criteria. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted using Stata v. 18.0, considering a 95% confidence level and a p-value of p < 0.05. Results: A total of 71.53% (n = 479) of children consumed sugar two or more times a day, compared to 28.47% (n = 210) who consumed it once a day or less. No statistically significant association was found between the frequency of sugar consumption and the educational level of the food provider (p = 0.360), area of residence (p = 0.078), caregiver relationship (p = 0.814), or child’s sex (p = 0.116). Conclusions: The educational level of the child’s primary food provider is not a determining factor in the frequency of sugar consumption in the Peruvian pediatric population, according to the analysis of the most recent nutritional surveillance survey.
Downloads
References
Reis R, Cunha I, Cainelli E, et al. Analysis of the prevalence in sugar consumption in childcare consultations. Rev Bras Saude Mater Infant. 2022;22(3):631-50. doi:10.1590/1806-9304202200030011
World Health Organization. Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity [Internet]. Ginebra: WHO; 2016. Disponible en: https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/868658c2-7df1-4e04-9dbc-05b7cc8b6a09/content
Woźniak D, Podgórski T, Dobrzyńska M, et al. The influence of parents’ nutritional education program on their infants’ metabolic health. Nutrients. 2022;14(13):2671. doi:10.3390/nu14132671
Aravindha N, Nishanth G, Krishna B, et al. Role of nutrition in oral health. Indian J Med Forensic Toxicol. 2020;14(4):1131-4. Disponible en: doi:10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11669
Moynihan P, Petersen PE. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of dental diseases. Public Health Nutr. 2004;7(1a):201-26. doi:10.1079/phn2003589
Choe R, Sim YF, Hong CH, et al. Internalizing problems are associated with oral health-related quality of life in early childhood: outcomes from an Asian multi-ethnic prospective birth cohort. PLOS ONE. 2021;16(8):e0256163. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256163
Tovar A, Risica PM, Ramirez A, et al. Exploring the provider-level socio-demographic determinants of diet quality of preschool-aged children attending family childcare homes. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1368. doi:10.3390/nu12051368
Koivuniemi E, Gustafsson J, Mäkelä I, et al. Parental and child factors associated with 2- to 6-year-old children's diet quality in Finland. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2022;122(1):129-38.e4. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.014
Chen L, Hong J, Xiong D, et al. Are parents' education levels associated with either their oral health knowledge or their children's oral health behaviors? A survey of 8446 families in Wuhan. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20:203. doi:10.1186/s12903-020-01186-4
Kaur H. Diet, nutrition and oral health. Int Dent J Stud Res. 2023;11(1):1-4. doi:10.18231/j.idjsr.2023.002
Cárdenas-Fuentes G, Homs C, Ramírez-Contreras C, et al. Prospective association of maternal educational level with child's physical activity, screen time, and diet quality. Nutrients. 2022;14(1):160. doi:10.3390/nu14010160
Molina P, Gálvez P, Stecher MJ, et al. Influencias familiares en las prácticas de alimentación materna a niños preescolares de familias vulnerables de la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Aten Primaria. 2021;53(9):102122. doi:10.1016/j.aprim.2021.102122
Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (PE). Características de los hogares. En: Perú: Perfil sociodemográfico. Informe nacional [Internet]. Lima: INEI; 2024. Cap. 6. Disponible en: https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1539/
Instituto Nacional de Salud (PE). Vigilancia Alimentario Nutricional por Etapas de Vida (VIANEV) [Internet]. Lima: INS; [s. f.]. Disponible en: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/ins/colecciones/19329-vigilancia-alimentario-nutricional-por-etapas-de-vida-vianev
Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (PE). Educación, cultura y esparcimiento. En: Perú: Compendio Estadístico 2024. Tomo 1 [Internet]. Lima: INEI; 2024. pp. 313-423. Disponible en: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/inei/informes-publicaciones/6284790-peru-compendio-estadistico-2024
Anstruther SM, Barbour-Tuck E, Vatanparast H. Socioeconomic settings and food consumption patterns of 2-5-year-old children in developed countries: a scoping review. Facets. 2021;6:1495-509. doi:10.1139/facets-2020-0098
Wang C, Hong X, Wang W, et al. The combination of school-based and family-based interventions appears effective in reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, a randomized controlled trial among Chinese schoolchildren. Nutrients. 2022;14(4):833. doi:10.3390/nu14040833
Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (PE). Consumo de alimentos y bebidas. En: Perú: consumo per cápita de los principales alimentos 2008-2009 [Internet]. Lima: INEI; 2012. Cap. 1. Disponible en: https://www1.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1028/index.html
Mathews R, Nadorff D. Too many treats or not enough to eat? The impact of caregiving grandparents on child food security and nutrition. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(10):5796. doi:10.3390/ijerph19105796
Burgette JM, Lu KC, Dahl ZT, et al. Factors affecting maternal decision making about grandparents' cariogenic dietary choices for children: a qualitative study. J Am Dent Assoc. 2023;154(2):122-9. doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2022.10.003
Bably MB, Paul R, Laditka SB, et al. Factors associated with the initiation of added sugar among low-income young children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, infants, and children in the US. Nutrients. 2021;13(11):3888. doi:10.3390/nu13113888
Catalá M, Cortés O. La caries dental: una enfermedad que se puede prevenir. An Pediatr Contin. 2014;12(3):147-51. doi:10.1016/S1696-2818(14)70184-2
Echeverria MS, Schuch HS, Cenci MS, et al. Trajectories of sugar consumption and dental caries in early childhood. J Dent Res. 2022;101(6):724-30. doi:10.1177/00220345211068743
Ha DH, Arora A, Harford J, et al. Population impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on dental caries and overweight/obesity in Australian children. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2023;8(3):224-33. doi:10.1177/23800844221091701
Lerner J, Killion K, Duffy V. Online program delivering tailored messages appears feasible to motivate healthier nutrition and dental behaviors in low-income caregivers of young children. Curr Dev Nutr. 2022;6(Suppl 1):133. doi:10.1093/cdn/nzac051.049
Engh MS, Muhoozi GK, Ngari M, et al. Long-term effects of a randomized maternal education trial in rural Uganda: implications for child oral health. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022;107(4):939-47. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.22-0248
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Raul Bernardo Apaza-Meza, Gianella Xiomara Laguna-Quenaya, Nicole Estephanie Lezama-Mamani, Neila Cristhine Quiroz-Silva, Maria A. Villafuerte-Olivera, Cesar D. Rojas-Senador
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright and cede to the journal the right of first publication, with the work registered with the Creative Commons License, which allows third parties to use what is published as long as they mention the authorship of the work, and to the first publication in this journal.
