Factors associated with swallowing disorder in elderly patients with dementia at the Peruvian Air Force Central Hospital from 2018 to 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v89i2.5400Keywords:
Keywords: Swallowing disorders, older people, dementia.Abstract
Objective: Determine the factors associated with swallowing disorder in older adult patients with dementia at the central hospital of the Peruvian Air Force during the period 2018 to 2020. Methodology: An observational, analytical and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out that analyzed the data of 111 older adults with dementia, of which 39 (35,1 %) presented swallowing disorders from the geriatrics department of the Peruvian Air Force Hospital. The records were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination with Peruvian validation by Custodio. To analyze the association between swallowing disorders and associated factors, Poisson regression with robust variance was used, with a value of p < 0,05 considered significant. Results: In the study it was observed that the majority group was those 80 years or older (79,3 %). A significant association was observed between age and swallowing disorders (p = 0,05; PR = 2,465, 95 % IC = 0,967-6,279). Furthermore, compromised functional status was related to an increased risk of swallowing disorders (p = 0,040; PR = 3,709, 95 % IC = 1,014-13,573). The presence of chewing disorder significantly increased the odds of developing swallowing disorders (p < 0,001; PR = 19,263, 95 % IC = 6,346-58,466). Conclusion: Swallowing disorders represent a frequent complication in older adult patients with dementia and are closely associated with advanced age, compromised functional status, and the presence of chewing disorder.
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