Teoría de la mente en los subtipos de deterioro cognitivo leve: una revisión sistemática
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https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v87i3.5213Palabras clave:
teoría de la mente, deterioro cognitivo leve, cognición social, revisión sistemáticaResumen
Los procesos de cognición social se encuentran alterados en la enfermedad de Alzheimer y otras demencias, pero se sabe menos respecto a su funcionamiento en los distintos subtipos de deterioro cognitivo leve. Objetivo: Revisión sistemática basada en la recopilación de estudios que analizan el funcionamiento y la trayectoria de la teoría de la mente en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve de tipo amnésico, no amnésico, unidominio y/o multidominio. Materiales y métodos: Siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, se procedió a la búsqueda, selección y extracción de estudios cuya calidad fue luego evaluada de acuerdo con la guía STROBE. Resultados: Se analizaron los hallazgos de 16 estudios publicados entre 2013 y 2023 que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Entre estos estudios, 15 muestran que la teoría de la mente está alterada en todos los tipos de deterioro cognitivo leve, especialmente en el de tipo amnésico, independientemente de la etiología y los criterios diagnósticos utilizados. Conclusiones: El deterioro cognitivo leve se asocia con déficits significativos en la teoría de la mente, especialmente en el subtipo amnésico. Futuros estudios de corte longitudinal deberán investigar el curso de tales déficits y explorar más a fondo sus correlatos conductuales y neurales.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Eduardo Guerrero Oyarzún, Francisca Bernal-Ruiz
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