Effectiveness of occupational therapy with a sensory integration approach in children with ADHD: a scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rhr.v8i1.6394Keywords:
sensory integration, occupational therapy, ADHD, childAbstract
The aim of this review article is to analyze the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions based on the sensory integration approach in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through a scoping review of studies conducted in middle- and high-income countries. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Primary and secondary studies published between January 2019 and May 2024 were included, without language restrictions, as long as they employed sensory integration strategies in children with ADHD. The search was conducted in six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, WorldWideScience, and SciELO), using criteria defined under the acronym PCC (population, concept, and context). The information was then synthesized using comparative tables. Five studies were identified that applied different modalities of the sensory integration approach, including Ayres Sensory Integration® group play, sensory diets, weighted vests, stability balls, and sensory cushions. All studies reported significant improvements in variables such as attention, impulsivity, hyperactivity, social skills, and self-esteem. It is concluded that occupational therapy intervention based on the sensory integration approach is effective in children with ADHD in middle- and high-income countries, allowing them to achieve better performance in their occupations. Finally, it was found that the frequency, duration, and number of sessions influence the results.
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