Bond strength of metal brackets to enamel using different etching techniques: an in vitro study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/reh.v36i3.8455Keywords:
dental bonding, brackets, orthodontics, operative dentistry, dental materialsAbstract
Objective: To compare the adhesion of metal brackets to enamel using three conditioning protocols: 15-second acid etching, 20-second acid etching, and a self-etching system. Materials and methods: An in vitro experimental study was conducted using 159 premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. The teeth were randomly allocated to three groups of 53 specimens each. Shear bond strength and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) were evaluated. Results: The 20-second acid-etching group showed the highest mean shear bond strength (3.5 ± 0.43 MPa), followed by the self-etching group (2.4 ± 0.55 MPa) and the 15-second acid-etching group (2.1 ± 0.40 MPa). Statistically significant differences were observed among the three groups using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.001), with significant differences in pairwise comparisons using Tukey’s test. Regarding the ARI, score 0 was most frequent in the 20-second group (58.5%), whereas score 2 was most frequent in the 15-second acid-etching and self-etching groups (41.5% and 30.2%, respectively). A statistically significant association was found between the etching protocol and ARI score distribution (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Shear bond strength differed significantly among the three etching protocols, with the highest mean value observed after 20 seconds of acid etching. ARI score distribution also differed significantly among the protocols.
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