Asociación entre el trastorno afectivo bipolar y la enfermedad cardiovascular: una revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v89i3.6828Palabras clave:
trastorno bipolar, factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardíaca, prevención de enfermedades, psicotrópicos, biomarcadoresResumen
Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo analizar la literatura reciente en torno a la asociación entre el trastorno afectivo bipolar (TAB) y el riesgo cardiovascular, así como su aplicabilidad clínica en el entorno sanitario. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica mediante una búsqueda sistemática en la base de datos PubMed. La ventana de selección incluyó publicaciones fechadas entre los años 2022 y 2024, centradas en muestras de pacientes con diagnóstico de TAB y su correlación epidemiológica o fisiopatológica con eventos cardiovasculares. Se identificaron artículos que cubren cuatro aspectos sobre la relación bidireccional estudiada: base fisiopatológica común, potenciales biomarcadores, blancos terapéuticos comunes y oportunidades actuales de impacto. Se concluye que la literatura científica respalda de forma sólida la asociación bidireccional entre el TAB y el riesgo cardiovascular. La mayor oportunidad de impacto está dada por el tamizaje de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con TAB, con estrategias estandarizadas como el control de la presión arterial, la glucemia, el colesterol LDL, el índice de masa corporal, la prescripción de actividad física y el cese de consumo de alcohol, cigarrillos y sustancias psicoactivas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Mateo López Trujillo, Juan David Quintero Bonilla, Valentina de Alba Higuita, Pedro Vallejo Ramírez, Isabel Calle Ortiz, Juan Camilo Suárez Escudero
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
