Factores asociados a la depresión posparto en varones de Lima, Perú
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v89i1.6232Palabras clave:
paternidad, salud mental, depresión posparto, Escala de Depresión Posparto de Edimburgo, padreResumen
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la depresión posparto (DPP) en varones residentes en Lima, Perú, durante el 2024. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal realizado en 411 padres tras el nacimiento de su último hijo. Se utilizó una ficha de recolección de datos y la Escala de Depresión Posparto de Edimburgo (EPDS). Se efectuó un análisis descriptivo, bivariado y multivariado mediante regresión de Poisson, con un nivel de significación del 95 %. Resultados: De los 411 participantes, 114 (27,7 %) presentaron riesgo de DPP. En este grupo, el 58,9 % eran adultos mayores de 30 años (p = 0,041) y el 61,6 % contaba con trabajo estable (p = 0,038); no obstante, el 38,0 % reportó una satisfacción salarial regular (p = 0,001). El 65,8 % de los padres con riesgo de DPP reportó un embarazo no planificado (p = 0,009); además, el 52,6 % percibió aumento de conflictos de pareja (p < 0,001) y el 43,0 % manifestó preferencia por permanecer fuera de casa (p < 0,001). En el análisis de regresión de Poisson, el aumento de los conflictos de pareja [RPa: 1,74 (1,17-2,60); p = 0,01] y la preferencia por estar fuera de casa [RPa: 1,76 (1,17-2,65); p = 0,01] se identificaron como factores de riesgo asociados a la DPP. Conclusiones: En la población estudiada, el 27,7 % de los varones presentó probabilidades de experimentar DPP, condición que se encuentra asociada a aumento de conflictos de pareja y a la preferencia por permanecer fuera del hogar.
Descargas
Citas
Jean-Dit-Pannel R, Belot RA, Mellier D, et al. Becoming a first-time father during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1376934. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1376934
Dixson BJ, Borg D, Rae KM, et al. The social predictors of paternal antenatal mental health and their associations with maternal mental health in the Queensland Family Cohort prospective study. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2023;26(1):107-16. doi:10.1007/s00737-022-01257-1
Pedersen SC, Maindal HT, Ryom K. «I wanted to be there as a father, but I couldn’t»: a qualitative study of fathers’ experiences of postpartum depression and their help-seeking behavior. Am J Mens Health. 2021;15(3):15579883211024375. doi:10.1177/15579883211024375
Berg RC, Solberg BL, Glavin K, et al. Instruments to identify symptoms of paternal depression during pregnancy and the first postpartum year: a systematic scoping review. Am J Mens Health. 2022;16(5):15579883221114984. doi:10.1177/15579883221114984
Atif M, Halaki M, Chow CM, et al. Risk factors of paternal postnatal depression in Pakistan: findings from an urban sample. Nurs Health Sci. 2022;24(3):618-24. doi:10.1111/nhs.12954
Malpartida MK. Depresión postparto en atención primaria. Rev Med Sinerg. 2020;5(2):e355. doi:10.31434/rms.v5i2.355
Challacombe FL, Pietikäinen JT, Kiviruusu O, et al. Paternal perinatal stress is associated with children’s emotional problems at 2 years. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2023;64(2):277-88. doi:10.1111/jcpp.13695
Wang D, Li YL, Qiu D, et al. Factors influencing paternal postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2021;293:51-63. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.088
Markos M, Arba A. Prevalence and predictors of postpartum depression among male partners who came to postnatal follow-up clinic with their partner in selected public health centers of Wolaita zone, Ethiopia, 2019. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020;16:2307-16. doi:10.2147/ndt.s273045
Siriwardhana R, Somarathna M, Sooriyaarachchi M, et al. Prevalence of paternal postpartum depression in Anuradhapura district in Sri Lanka and its association with maternal postpartum depression as a risk factor. J Family Reprod Health. 2022;16(4):239-42. doi:10.18502/jfrh.v16i4.11351
Fonseca B, Nombora O, Venâncio Â, et al. Paternal postpartum depression: a reflection through a case report. Psiquiatr Biol. 2024;31(2):1-3. doi:10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100469
Huang J, Zheng J, Ling-ling G. Individual and dyadic network analyses of depressive symptoms in Chinese postpartum couples: a cross-sectional study. Midwifery. 2023;116:103529. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2022.103529
Dhanpal HN, Shil R. Prevalence of postnatal depression in fathers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Health Allied Sci. 2023;14:453-9. doi:10.1055/s-0043-1777701
Pérez F, Catalán A, Morales A, et al. Assessment of postpartum depression in a group of Chilean Parents. J Mens Health. 2018;14(2):e56-64. doi:10.22374/1875-6859.14.2.7
Genesoni L, Tallandini MA. Men’s psychological transition to fatherhood: an analysis of the literature, 1989-2008. Birth. 2009;36(4):305-18. doi:10.1111/j.1523-536x.2009.00358.x
Tuji A, Yesuf SA, Birhanu R, et al. Magnitude of paternal postpartum psychological distress and associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2023;23(1):387. doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04891-w
Sethna V, Murray L, Netsi E, et al. Paternal depression in the postnatal period and early father–infant interactions. Parent Sci Pract. 2015;15(1):1-8. doi:10.1080/15295192.2015.992732
Epifanio MS, Genna V, De Luca C, et al. Paternal and maternal transition to parenthood: the risk of postpartum depression and parenting stress. Pediatr Rep. 2015;7(2):5872. doi:10.4081/pr.2015.5872
Pérez F, Brahm P. Paternal postpartum depression. Why is it also important? Rev Chil Pediatr. 2017;88(5):582-5. doi:10.4067/s0370-41062017000500002
Darwin Z, Galdas P, Hinchliff S, et al. Fathers’ views and experiences of their own mental health during pregnancy and the first postnatal year: a qualitative interview study of men participating in the UK Born and Bred in Yorkshire (BaBY) cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):45. doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1229-4
Shariat M, Abedinia N, Charousaei H, et al. The relationship between paternal postpartum depression and psychosocial variables: a longitudinal study in Iran. J Family Reprod Health. 2022;16(4):272-81. doi:10.18502/jfrh.v16i4.11358
Howarth AM, Swain NR. Predictors of postpartum depression in first-time fathers. Australasian Psychiatry. 2020;28(5):552-4. doi:10.1177/1039856220924324
Caparrós-González RA, De la Fe Rodríguez-Muñoz M. Depresión posparto paterna: visibilidad e influencia en la salud infantil. Clin Salud. 2020;31(3):161-3. doi:10.5093/clysa2020a10
Kiviruusu O, Pietikäinen JT, Kylliäinen A, et al. Trajectories of mothers’ and fathers’ depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 24 months postpartum. J Affect Disord. 2020;260:629-37. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.038
Shaheen NA, AlAtiq Y, Thomas A, et al. Paternal postnatal depression among fathers of newborn in Saudi Arabia. Am J Mens Health. 2019;13(1):1557988319831219. doi:10.1177/1557988319831219
Morales A, Catalán A, Pérez F. Los padres también se deprimen en el postparto: comprendiendo el fenómeno desde la voz de sus protagonistas. Rev Latinoam [Internet]. 2018;17(50):161-81. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-65682018000200161&script=sci_abstract
Davenport CJ, Swami V. Getting help as a depressed dad: a lived experience narrative of paternal postnatal depression, with considerations for healthcare practice. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2023;30(1):1-7. doi:10.1111/jpm.12854
Matthey S, Barnett B, Kavanagh DJ, et al. Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for men, and comparison of item endorsement with their partners. J Affect Disord. 2001;64(2-3):175-84. doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00236-6
Uezen-Bozzi Y, Herrera A, Simaes A, et al. Sexist mentality, parenting styles and social vulnerability in primary caregivers. A cross-cultural comparison between Argentina and Peru. Rev Latinoam Psicol. 2022;54(1):196-204. doi:10.14349/rlp.2022.v54.22
Barooj-Kiakalaee O, Hosseini SH, Mohammadpour-Tahmtan RA, et al. Paternal postpartum depression’s relationship to maternal pre and postpartum depression, and father-mother dyads marital satisfaction: a structural equation model analysis of a longitudinal study. J Affect Disord. 2022;297:375-80. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.110
Watkins V, Kavanagh SA, Macdonald JA, et al. «I always felt like I wasn’t supposed to be there». An international qualitative study of fathers’ engagement in family healthcare during transition to fatherhood. Midwifery. 2024;130:103928. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2024.103928
Kubo T, Jikihara Y, Todo N, et al. Ten-year trajectories of postpartum depression of Japanese mothers and fathers. J Affect Disord. 2025;369:276-87. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.154
Kiwan M. Beyond mothers: postpartum depression among fathers in Pakistan. Asian J Psychiatr 2024;101:104213. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104213
Molina-Quiñones H, Salazar-Taquiri V. Factores asociados al consumo de alcohol en adolescentes residentes en Lima, Perú. Revista Haban Cienc Méd [Internet]. 2022;21(3):e4655. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1729-519X2022000300011
Martin JS, Jaeggi A V, Koski SE. The social evolution of individual differences: future directions for a comparative science of personality in social behavior. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 2023;144:104980. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104980
Burgos-Muñoz R, Soriano-Moreno A, Bendezu-Quispe G, et al. Intimate partner violence against reproductive-age women and associated factors in Peru: evidence from national surveys, 2015-2017. Heliyon. 2021;7(7):e07478. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07478
Short S, Davis PE, Gheyoh E. An exploration of masculinity, social support and depression in new and experienced fathers. Midwifery. 2023;123:103715. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2023.103715
Shafian AK, Mohamed S, Nasution NJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies validating Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in fathers. Heliyon. 2022;8(5):e09441. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09441
Guillemette TN, Monn JL, Chronister M. An evidence-based project to improve paternal postpartum depression. J Nurse Practitioners. 2023;19(4):104495. doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.11.005
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Alejandra Eliana Salazar Ojeda, José Wagner López Revilla
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
