Distrés peritraumático y características demográficas en odontólogos peruanos durante la pandemia de COVID-19: un estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v88i2.5567Palabras clave:
distrés psicológico, pandemia de COVID-19, odontólogosResumen
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la presencia de distrés peritraumático asociado a la pandemia de la COVID-19 y las características demográficas en odontólogos de Lima y Callao, Perú, en 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal en 236 participantes que respondieron una encuesta virtual entre junio y noviembre de 2021. Se registraron las características demográficas de los odontólogos y se utilizó el cuestionario Índice de Distrés Peritraumático relacionado a la COVID-19 (CPDI) debidamente traducido, adaptado y validado. Para el análisis bivariado se aplicó la prueba chi-cuadrado. Resultados: La puntuación media de distrés peritraumático fue de 25,46 (±12,401). El 59,7 % de los participantes se encontró libre de distrés, mientras que el 38,1 % experimentó síntomas de distrés leve a moderado y el 2,1%, distrés grave. Las mujeres presentaron niveles significativamente mayores de distrés psicológico que los hombres (p < 0,003); y se observó una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el distrés y la jornada laboral semanal antes de la pandemia (p < 0,012). Conclusiones: Poco más de un tercio de los participantes presentó distrés peritraumático leve a moderado, mientras que más de la mitad no experimentó manifestaciones clínicas, incluso después de más de un año y medio del inicio de la pandemia. Finalmente, identificar y analizar los factores asociados y grupos vulnerables facilita la promoción de estrategias para prevenir y mitigar su impacto, con el fin de proteger el bienestar psicológico de los odontólogos ante futuras emergencias sanitarias.
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