Salud mental intergeneracional

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v86i1.4465

Palabras clave:

Epigenómica, genética, trastornos mentales, salud mental

Resumen

La salud mental en distintas generaciones relacionadas entre sí es tema de creciente interés general y científico. El propósito de esta revisión narrativa, necesariamente limitada, es actualizar el conocimiento científico existente, para lo cual se ha seleccionado un total de 72 estudios cualificados de investigación. Los resultados muestran pruebas adecuadas de que la información genética heredable va acompañada de marcas epigenéticas. La combinación de modificaciones genéticas y epigenéticas es importante para determinar la diversidad fenotípica de los progenitores y sus descendientes, y también puede generar múltiples estados psicopatológicos. La llamada programación fetal es un delicado proceso adaptativo de crecimiento prenatal que puede presentar interferencias mórbidas. Existen hipótesis sobre los mecanismos epigenéticos por medio de los cuales las experiencias pre y posnatales programan la reactividad del niño ante situaciones de estrés y promueven el desarrollo de fenotipos adaptativos. Los patrones y procesos del distanciamiento intergeneracional entre familias son sumamente complejos, por lo que es difícil puntualizar conclusiones válidas sobre la salud mental entre generaciones vinculadas. Puede afirmarse, sin embargo, que trastornos mentales graves afectan con frecuencia a múltiples generaciones. La información y el conocimiento sobre este fenómeno requieren, sin duda, de numerosas investigaciones de alta calidad.

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Publicado

2023-04-27

Cómo citar

1.
Bertolín-Guillén JM. Salud mental intergeneracional. Rev Neuropsiquiatr [Internet]. 27 de abril de 2023 [citado 13 de diciembre de 2024];86(1):35-44. Disponible en: https://revistas.upch.edu.pe/index.php/RNP/article/view/4465

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ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN