Prevalence of dental numerical anomalies in panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients in Azogues, Ecuador, 2020-2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/reh.v36i2.7190Keywords:
dental anomalies, tooth agenesis, supernumerary teeth, dental X-rayAbstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of numerical dental anomalies in patients aged 4 to 16 years through the analysis of panoramic radiographs in the city of Azogues, Ecuador, during the period 2020–2024. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted in which 640 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 4 to 16 years from a radiology center in the city of Azogues were analyzed. Demographic variables (age and sex) and characteristics of the dental anomalies (type, location, dentition, and affected tooth) were recorded. The data were processed descriptively using SPSS statistical software. Results: An overall prevalence of dental anomalies of 24.1% (n = 154) was determined. Among these, dental agenesis was the most common (n = 255), occurring most frequently in adolescents (68.9%) and, with a slight majority, in females (52.4%); it also primarily affected third molars (34.2%) and second premolars (25.8%). Meanwhile, 26 cases of supernumerary teeth were identified, located primarily in the maxilla (88.5%), with a predominance of mesiodens (65.4%), which showed an equal distribution between both sexes. Conclusions: Dental agenesis was the most common anomaly, primarily affecting third molars and second premolars. In contrast, supernumerary teeth occurred at a lower rate and were predominantly located in the maxilla.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Karolina Abigail González Arévalo, María Daniela Calle Prado, Verónica Ivanova Verdugo Tinitana, Darío Andrés Domínguez Quinteros
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