Perceived stress in dental students of a private university in Acapulco, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/reh.v33i3.4937Keywords:
psychological stress, dental students, dental schoolsAbstract
Stress is a common aspect of daily life, but its negative impact emerges when it disrupts normal daily functioning. It triggers physiological changes within the body's systems, influencing behavior and emotions. Objective: This study aims to assess the frequency of perceived stress among dental students attending a private institute in Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2020. The survey targeted seventy-one Dentistry students ranging from the first to seventh semester. The survey collected sociodemographic information and utilized the ten-item Perceived Stress Scale, developed by Cohen, which employs a Likert-type scale with five categorical values. The scores were analyzed using the R statistical program. Simple frequencies of variables were obtained, and Student's t-test was employed to compare students' stress levels. The odds ratio (OR), along with its 95 % confidence interval (CI 95%) using the Miettinen method, was calculated to quantify stress risk based on gender and semester. Results: Among the participants, 60 % (43/71) experienced high levels of stress. Specifically, women accounted for a higher occurrence of stress at 70 % (30/43). The association of high stress was particularly prominent among students in the last semester (OR = 2.88; 95 % CI = 1.07-7.71). Conclusion: The findings suggest that a significant portion, at least six out of ten students, experience elevated stress levels. The study underscores the importance of dental educators identifying and addressing stressful situations among students, thereby facilitating the referral of cases in need of psychological support.
References
American Psychological Association. Stress [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.apa.org/topics/stress
Lindberg S. Psychological stress. [Internet]. Healthline; 2019. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/psychological-stress
Barraza R, Muñoz N, Alfaro M, Álvarez A, Araya V, Villagra J. Ansiedad, depresión, estrés y organización de la personalidad en estudiantes novatos de Medicina y Enfermería. Rev Chil Neuro-Psiquiatr [Internet]. 2015; 53(4): 251-260. Available from: https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-92272015000400005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Bartlett ML, Taylor H, Nelson D. Comparison of mental health characteristics and stress between baccalaureate nursing students and non-nursing students. J Nurs Educ [Internet]. 2016; 55(2): 87-90. Available from: https://journals.healio.com/doi/10.3928/01484834-20160114-05
Castillo Ávila IY, Barrios Cantillo A, Alvis Estrada LR. Estrés académico en estudiantes de Enfermería de Cartagena, Colombia. Investig Enferm Imagen Desarr [Internet]. 2018; 20(2). Available from: https://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/files-articulos/IE/20-2%20(2018-II)/145256681002/
Elani HW, Allison PJ, Kumar RA, Mancini L, Lambrou A, Bedos C. A systematic review of stress in dental students. J Dent Educ [Internet]. 2014; 78(2): 226-242. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.2.tb05673.x
American Dental Association. 2015 Dentist Well-Being Survey Report [Internet]. Nueva York: ADA; 2017. Available from: https://ebusiness.ada.org/assets/docs/32944.PDF?OrderID=1364096
Bradley N. Suicide and dentistry: an unwanted link. BDJ in Practice [Internet]. 2020; 33(10): 20-21. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41404-020-0526-1
Abu-Ghazaleh SB, Sonbol HN, Rajab LD. A longitudinal study of psychological stress among undergraduate dental students at the University of Jordan. BMC Med Educ [Internet]. 2016; 16: 90. Available from: https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-016-0612-6
Stormon N, Ford PJ, Kisely S, Bartle E, Eley DS. Depression, anxiety and stress in a cohort of Australian dentistry students. Eur J Dent Educ [Internet]. 2019; 23(4): 507-514. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eje.12459
Wilsom VJ, Rayner CA, Gordon NA, Shaik AB, Crombie K, Yasin-Harnekar S. Perceived stress among dental students at the University of the Western Cape. SADJ [Internet]. 2015; 70(6): 255-259. Available from: https://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000600007
Babar MG, Hasan SS, Ooi YJ, Ahmed SI, Wong PS, Ahmad SF, et al. Perceived sources of stress among Malaysian dental students. Int J Med Educ [Internet]. 2015; 2(6): 56-61. Available from: https://www.ijme.net/archive/6/dental-students-stress-assessment/
Kharel S, Raut B. Stress and stressors in female medical and dental students at Kathmandu Medical College. J Chitwan Med Coll [Internet]. 2020; 10(2): 72-74. Available from: https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JCMC/article/view/29678
Basudan S, Binanzan N, Alhassan A. Depression, anxiety and stress in dental students. Int J Med Educ [Internet]. 2017; 8: 179-186. Available from: https://www.ijme.net/archive/8/depression-anxiety-and-stress-in-dental-students/
Harris M, Wilson JC, Holmes S, Radford DR. Perceived stress and well-being among dental hygiene and dental therapy students. Br Dent J [Internet]. 2017; 222(2): 101-106. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/sj.bdj.2017.76
Davidovich E, Pessov Y, Baniel A, Ram D. Levels of stress among general practitioners, students and specialists in pediatric dentistry during dental treatment. J Clin Pediatr Dent [Internet]. 2015; 39(5): 419-422. Available from: https://meridian.allenpress.com/jcpd/article/39/5/419/78404/Levels-of-Stress-among-General-Practitioners
Juárez-Medel CA, Paredes-Solís S, Paredes-Juárez S, Reyes-Fernández S, Andersson N. Accidentes con objetos punzocortantes y factores asociados en estudiantes de la Escuela Superior de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero: estudio transversal. Rev Impact Odontol [Internet]. 2018; 3(6): 61-64.
Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav [Internet]. 1983; 24(4): 386-396. Available from: https://www.cmu.edu/dietrich/psychology/stress-immunity-disease-lab/scales/pdf/globalmeas83.pdf
Brito-Ortíz JF, Nava-Gómez ME, Juárez-García A. Escala de estrés percibido en estudiantes de Odontología, Enfermería y Psicología: validez de constructo. Rev ConCiencia EPG [Internet]. 2019; 4(2): 42-54. Available from: https://revistaconcienciaepg.edu.pe/ojs/index.php/55551/article/view/24
Campo-Arias A, Oviedo HC, Herazo E. Escala de estrés percibido-10: desempeño psicométrico en estudiantes de Medicina de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Rev Fac Med [Internet]. 2014: 62(3): 407-413. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/revfacmed/article/view/43735
Ghasemi A, Zahediasl S. Normality tests for statistical analysis: a guide for non-statisticians. Int J Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2012; 10(2): 486-489. Available from: https://brieflands.com/articles/ijem-71904.html
R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. 2014. Vienna, Austria.
Fagerland MW. T-tests, non-parametric tests, and large studies-a paradox of statistical practice? BMC Med Res Methodol [Internet]. 2012; 12: 78. Available from: https://bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2288-12-78
Nguyen H, Stehr EM, Eisenreich H, An T. Using Google forms to inform teaching practices. STEM [Internet]. 2018; 2(10): 74-79. Available from: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/stem_proceedings/vol2/iss1/10/
Özdede M, Sahin SC. Views and anxiety levels of turkish dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Stoma [Internet]. 2020; 73(3): 123-128. Available from: https://www.termedia.pl/Views-and-anxiety-levels-of-Turkish-dental-students-during-the-COVID-19-pandemic,137,41154,0,1.html
Kharma MY, Koussa B, Aldwaik A, Yaseen J, Alamari S, Alras H, et al. Assessment of anxiety and stress among dental students to return to training in dental college in COVID-19 Era. Eur J Dent [Internet]. 2020; 14(Supl. 1): S86-S90. Available from: https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0040-1717052
Abdulrazzaq MM, Adnan MM, Abdulhadi Al-Ani ZT. Psychological stress among dental students at Al-Iraqia University after Corona Virus Pandemic. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol [Internet]. 2020; 14(3): 2397-2401. Available from: https://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijfmt/article/view/10795
Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet [Internet]. 2020; 395(10227): 912-920. Available from: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30460-8/fulltext
Campo-Arias A, Pedrozo-Cortés MJ, Pedrozo-Pupo JC. Escala de estrés percibido relacionado con la pandemia de COVID-19: una exploración del desempeño psicométrico en línea. Rev Colomb Psiquiat [Internet]. 2020; 49(4): 229-230. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034745020300731?via%3Dihub
Preciado-Serrano M, Vásquez-Goñi JM. Perfil de estrés y síndrome Burnout en estudiantes mexicanos de Odontología de una universidad pública. Rev Chil Neuro-Psiquiat [Internet]. 2010; 48(1): 11-19. Available from: https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-92272010000200002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors retain the copyright and cede to the journal the right of first publication, with the work registered with the Creative Commons License, which allows third parties to use what is published as long as they mention the authorship of the work, and to the first publication in this journal.
