Retratamiento endodóntico no quirúrgico en la resolución de la periodontitis apical: una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/reh.v36i2.6731Palabras clave:
endodoncia, retratamiento, periodontitis apical, dolor postoperatorioResumen
El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia del retratamiento endodóntico no quirúrgico en la resolución de la periodontitis apical, considerando la reducción bacteriana, el control del dolor postoperatorio y la curación periapical. Se revisaron 35 artículos seleccionados en PubMed, Scopus y Embase hasta octubre de 2024, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los estudios analizados abarcaron protocolos de desinfección (hipoclorito de sodio, clorhexidina, láser e irrigantes ozonizados), técnicas de obturación, tasas de éxito y fracaso, además de la eliminación de microorganismos resistentes como Enterococcus faecalis y Fusobacterium nucleatum. Los hallazgos indican que el uso de tecnologías avanzadas, como el láser de diodo de 980 nm y los irrigantes ozonizados, potencia la desinfección y favorece la reparación periapical. Asimismo, la activación ultrasónica y manual de irrigantes se mostró eficaz en la reducción bacteriana y en el alivio del dolor postoperatorio; no obstante, la heterogeneidad de los protocolos demuestra la necesidad de establecer guías estandarizadas basadas en evidencia para optimizar los resultados. En conclusión, el retratamiento endodóntico no quirúrgico constituye una alternativa efectiva para el manejo de la periodontitis apical, especialmente cuando se emplean métodos modernos de desinfección; sin embargo, se requieren más investigaciones que consoliden la práctica clínica.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Emerson Elecsi Yáñez Chávez, Mayra Isaura Lavado García, Mario George Casaretto Gamonal
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