Design and development of a digital platform for rehabilitation and telehealth for evaluation and training in rural contexts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/rhr.v9i1.7276Keywords:
rehabilitation, telehealth, telepractice, rural health, digital platformsAbstract
The objective of this study is to present the design and preliminary development of a digital platform focused on rehabilitation and telehealth in rural settings, developed as part of the Consalud+ macro-project led by Universidad Manuela Beltrán in Bogotá. The project promotes innovation and technological development for both healthcare professional training and clinical evaluation, addressing the needs of rural populations through digital tools. The development, based on information and communication technologies (ICTs) and a Model–View–Controller (MVC) architecture, was implemented using the Ionic framework and integrated with Angular, React, or Vue, employing TypeScript, HTML, and CSS for content management, visual design, and functionality. As an initial input, the platform incorporated two validated instruments in a Master’s program in Neurorehabilitation: the School Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADL-S) and an Executive Function Assessment Scale for older adults, both oriented toward neurorehabilitation. The platform design enables clinical data entry and visualization of results, supporting health promotion, disease prevention, and telepractice training for healthcare professionals in rural environments. This platform has the potential to strengthen rural healthcare and contribute to clinical decision-making, promoting technological equity and access to rehabilitation services. Furthermore, it establishes a foundation from a biomedical engineering perspective to consolidate an integrated telehealth ecosystem that connects innovation, education, and clinical care.
Downloads
References
Leochico CF, Espiritu AI, Ignacio SD, et al. Challenges to the emergence of telerehabilitation in a developing country: a systematic review. Front Neurol. 2020;11:1007. doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.01007
Narváez F, Marín-Castrillón DM, Cuenca MC, et al. Development and implementation of technologies for physical telerehabilitation in Latin America: a systematic review of literature, programs and projects. TecnoL [Internet]. 2017;20(40):155-76. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0123-77992017000300012
De la Torre A, Díaz P, Perdomo R. Analysis of the virtual healthcare model in Latin America: a systematic review of current challenges and barriers. mHealth. 2024;10:20. doi:10.21037/mhealth-23-47
Pacichana-Quinayaz SG, Rodríguez LM, Sánchez D, et al. Telerehabilitation in Colombia: a country report and qualitative analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic - perceptions of healthcare providers and patients. Int J Telerehabil. 2024;16(1):e6605. doi:10.5195/ijt.2024.6605
Maggio MG, Baglio F, Arcuri F, et al. Cognitive telerehabilitation: an expert consensus paper on current evidence and future perspective. Front Neurol. 2024;15:1338873. doi:10.3389/fneur.2024.1338873
Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Organización Mundial de la Salud en Chile. Implementación de observatorios nacionales de salud: enfoque operacional y recomendaciones estratégicas [Internet]. Santiago de Chile: OPS, OMS; 2009. Disponible en: https://web.archive.org/web/20240624065928/paho.org/sites/default/files/observatorios%20nacionales%20de%20salud_final.pdf
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (CO), Dirección de Epidemiología y Demografía. Análisis de Situación de Salud (ASIS). Colombia, 2021 [Internet]. Bogotá: MinSalud; 2021. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/VS/ED/PSP/analisis-situacion-salud-colombia-2021.pdf
López D. Diseño de una escala de valoración de las funciones ejecutivas en adultos mayores con validez ecológica [tesis de maestría]. Bogotá: Universidad Manuela Beltrán; 2025.
Hu Y, Li Y, Li J, et al. Effectiveness of telehealth interventions on cognitive function and quality of life in adults with neurological disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2025;26(4):105491. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2025.105491
Ortega-Muñoz L, López-Bello A, Pedraza-Vargas S, et al. Validación ecológica y de contenido del cuestionario de evaluación de las actividades de la vida diaria-escolar (AVD-E) en el contexto colombiano. Rev Ecuat Neurol. 2024;33(1):55-63. doi:10.46997/revecuatneurol33100055
Abd-alrazaq A, Alhuwail D, Ahmed A, et al. Effectiveness of serious games for improving executive functions among older adults with cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Serious Games. 2022;10(3):e36123. doi:10.2196/36123
Van Gaalen AE, Brouwer J, Schönrock-Adema J, et al. Gamification of health professions education: a systematic review. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2021;26:683-711. doi:10.1007/s10459-020-10000-3
Dereli M, Kahraman T. Gamification in physiotherapy and rehabilitation education: a narrative review. Bull Fac Phys Ther. 2024;29:4. doi:10.1186/s43161-023-00168-1
Medina M. Alteraciones del neurodesarrollo en niños con antecedente de encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica: una comparación por estadios de gravedad [tesis de licenciatura en Internet]. La Laguna, España: Universidad de La Laguna; 2020. Disponible en: http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/20355
Moruno P. Definición y clasificación de las actividades de la vida diaria. En: Moruno P, Romero DM, editores. Actividades de la vida diaria. Barcelona: Masson Elsevier; 2005. pp. 3-22.
Lin KH, Chen CH, Chen YY, et al. Bidirectional and multi-user telerehabilitation system: clinical effect on balance, functional activity, and satisfaction in patients with chronic stroke living in long-term care facilities. Sensors. 2014;14(7):12451-66. doi:10.3390/s140712451
Resolución 416 de 2009 [Internet]. Bogotá: Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social (CO); 2009, 18 de febrero. Disponible en: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/Normatividad_Nuevo/RESOLUCI%C3%93N%200416%20DE%202009.pdf
Latimer NR, Dixon S, Palmer R. Cost-utility of self-managed computer therapy for people with aphasia. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2013;29(4):402-9. doi:10.1017/S0266462313000421
Maresca MG, Maggio M, Latella D, et al. Toward improving poststroke aphasia: a pilot study on telerehabilitation for the continuity of care. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2019;28(10):104303. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104303
Martin-Moreno J, Ruiz-Fernandez D, Soriano-Paya A, et al. Monitoring 3D movements for rehabilitation of joints in physiotherapy. En: 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Vancouver, Canada: IEEE; 2008. pp. 4836-9. doi:10.1109/iembs.2008.4650296
Da Gama A, Fallavollita P, Teichrieb V, et al. Motor rehabilitation using Kinect: a systematic review. Games Health J. 2015;4(2):123-35. doi:10.1089/g4h.2014.0047
Hailey D, Roine R, Ohinmaa A, et al. Evidence on the Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation Applications [Internet]. Edmonton: Institute of Health Economics; 2010. Disponible en: https://www.ihe.ca/files/evidence_on_the_effectiveness_of_telerehabilitation_applications.pdf
Russell T. Telerehabilitation: a coming of age. Aust J Physiother. 2009;55(1):5-6. doi:10.1016/s0004-9514(09)70054-6
World Bank Group. World Bank country and lending groups [Internet]. World Bank; [s. f.]. Disponible en: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups
Khanna M, Gowda GS, Bagevadi VI, et al. Feasibility and utility of tele-neurorehabilitation service in India: experience from a quaternary center. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2018;9(4):541-4. doi:10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_104_18
Delgado AC, Sánchez JV. Evaluación neuropsicológica y realidad virtual: una revisión sistemática. Informes Psicol. 2023;23(1):108-24. doi:10.18566/infpsic.v23n1a07
Miyake A, Friedman NP, Emerson MJ, et al. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex frontal lobe tasks: a latent variable analysis. Cogn Psychol. 2000;41(1):49-100. doi:10.1006/cogp.1999.0734
Buitrago JA, González DA, Pedraza SF, et al. Diseño de una prueba de valoración de la marcha en el adulto mayor con validez ecológica. Cienc Lat Rev Multidiscip. 2022;6(5):857-73. doi:10.37811/cl_rcm.v6i5.3147
Lira MT, Caballero E. Adaptación transcultural de instrumentos de evaluación en salud: historia y reflexiones del por qué, cómo y cuándo. Rev Méd Clín Las Condes. 2020;31(1):85-94. doi:10.1016/j.rmclc.2019.08.003
Cordero-Andrés P, Hernández-Goñi P, Luna-Lario P, et al. Propuesta de un modelo de funciones ejecutivas basado en análisis factoriales. Rev Neurol. 2017;64(2):75-84. doi:10.33588/rn.6402.2016227
Dirección de Epidemiología y Demografía. Guía metodológica para registros, observatorios, sistemas de seguimiento y salas situacionales nacionales en salud. Bogotá: Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social; 2013.
Ministerio de la Protección Social (CO), Departamento Administrativo del Deporte, la Recreación, la Actividad Física y el Aprovechamiento del Tiempo Libre. Hábitos y Estilos de Vida Saludable. Tomo 2. Documento técnico con los contenidos de direccionamiento pedagógico para la promoción de hábitos de vida saludable, con énfasis en alimentación saludable y el fomento de ambientes 100 % libres de humo de cigarrillo a través de la práctica regular de la actividad física cotidiana, dirigidos a los referentes de las entidades territoriales [Internet]. Bogotá: MinSalud; 2011. Disponible en: https://www.mindeporte.gov.co/index.php/files/a08e3678-bee4-42a0-8839-e2649691f6fc/a08e44d8-7c8c-4415-a46e-2aff00f4c768/Tomo-II-HEVS-Ministerio-del-Deporte.pdf
Deterding S, Khaled R, Nacke L, et al. Gamification: toward a definition. En: CHI 2011 Gamification Workshop Proceedings [Internet]. Vancouver, Canadá: ACM; 2011. . Disponible en: http://gamification-research.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/02-Deterding-Khaled-Nacke-Dixon.pdf
Sera L, Wheeler E. Game on: The gamification of the pharmacy classroom. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2017;9(1):155-9. doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2016.08.046
World Health Organization. Rehabilitation 2030: A call for action [Internet]. Geneva: WHO; 2017. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/rehabilitation-2030-a-call-for-action
Kruse CS, Karem P, Shifflett K, et al. Evaluating barriers to adopting telemedicine worldwide: a systematic review. J Telemed Telecare. 2018;24(1):4-12. doi:10.1177/1357633X16674087
Bettger JP, Liu C, Gandhi DB, et al. Emerging areas of stroke rehabilitation research in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review. Stroke. 2019;50(11):3307-13. doi:10.1161/strokeaha.119.023565
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Andrea Torres Ruiz, Jorge Isaac Murillo, Mónica Paola Murcia Doncel, Laura María Roa Barrantes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published in the Revista Herediana de Rehabilitación are under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 International license.
The authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work registered with the Creative Commons License, which allows third parties to use what is published whenever they mention the authorship of the work, and to the first publication in this magazine.
Authors can make other independent and additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version published in this journal, provided they clearly indicate that the work was published in this journal.
The authors can file in the repository of their institution:
The research work or thesis of degree from which the published article derives.
The pre-print version: the version prior to peer review.
The Post-print version: final version after peer review.
The definitive version or final version created by the publisher for publication.
Esta obra está bajo una 