What is Consciousness? Reflections, debates and uncertainties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20453/ah.v67i2.6186Keywords:
conscience, self, multidisciplinary integration, identity, reason, realityAbstract
The word Consciousness, its meaning and presence are the matter of a detailed analysis in search of conceptual precisions, hermeneutic clarity and delineations of future routes of multidisciplinary studies. A review of the existing literature is done from the perspectives of quantum mechanics, neurobiology, psychology, philosophy, besides sociocultural and ethical-religious foci. The fundamental finding is a gradual but consistent effort of ontological integration, a search of understanding of basic proposals, routes of convergence, research methodologies, and harmony and balance in the thematic discussions. This is, undoubtedly, a lasting and consistent process with definite features of permanence.
Downloads
References
Alarcón, R. (2024, 21 de julio). Arte y psicopatología: reflexiones sobre las dimensiones clínicas de la creatividad [conferencia en video]. Academia Nacional de Medicina del Perú. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7aaai5yQjQ
Anderson, J. R. (2016). A unified theory of mind. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 163-166). Cambridge University Press.
Atkinson, R. C. y Shiffrin, R. M. (2016). Human memory: a proposed system and its control processes. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 115-118). Cambridge University Press.
Baars, B. (2006). Consciousness is a real working theatre. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 11-23). Oxford University Press.
Baddeley, A. (2016). Working memory. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 119-122). Cambridge University Press.
Bandura, A. (2016). The power of observational learning through social modeling. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 235-239). Cambridge University Press.
Baumeister, R. R. (2005). The Cultural Animal: Human Nature, Meaning, and Social Life. Oxford University Press.
Blackmore, S. (2003). Consciousness: An Introduction. Oxford University Press.
Brewer, M. (2016). Ethnocentrism and the optimal distinctiveness theory of social identity. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 360-364). Cambridge University Press.
Cacioppo, J. T. (2016). Social neuroscience. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 45-48). Cambridge University Press.
Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs (s. f.). Key term: Ethics [consultado el 15 de diciembre de 2024).
Carver, C. S. (2016). Self-regulation. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 283-287). Cambridge University Press.
Chalmers, D. (2006). I’m conscious: he’s just a zombie. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 36-49). Oxford University Press.
Chevalier, J. y Gheerbrant, A. (1986). Alma. En Diccionario de símbolos (2.ª ed.) (pp. 77-82). Herder Editorial.
Churchland, P. y Churchland, P. (2006). The brain is a causal machine. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 50-67). Oxford University Press.
Cook, C. y Grimwade, L. (2021). Spirituality and Mental Health. Royal College of Psychiatrists.
Crick, F. (1994). The Astonishing Hypothesis. The Scientific Search for the Soul. Simon & Schuster.
Crick, F. (2006). You’re just a pack of neurons. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 68-78). Oxford University Press.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2003). Good Business: Flow, Leadership and the Making of Meaning. Viking Press.
Damasio, A. (2016). Feelings and decisions. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 11-15). Cambridge University Press.
Delgado, H. e Ibérico, M. Psicología (5.ª ed.). Editorial Científico-Médica.
Dennett, D. (2006). You have to give up your intuitions about consciousness. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 79-91). Oxford University Press.
Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L. y Knafo-Noam, A. (2015). Prosocial development. En M. Lamb y M. R. Lerner (eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science. Vol. 3: Socioemotional Processes (7.a ed.) (pp. 610-656). Wiley.
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. (1988). The New Encyclopaedia Britannica (vol. 3). The University of Chicago Press.
Fiske, S. T. (2016). How warmth and competence inform your social life. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 369-372). Cambridge University Press.
Freud, S. (1935). The Interpretation of Dreams. Hogarth Press.
Freud, S. (1955). The Interpretation of Dreams (J. Strachey, trad.). Basic Books.
Freud, S. (1959). The metapsychology of instincts, repression, and the unconscious. En E. Jones (ed.), Collected Papers of Sigmund Freud. Basic Books Inc.
Gazzaniga, M. S. (2015). Tales from Both Sides of the Brain: A Life in Neuroscience. Harper Collins.
Gómez, J. A. (2006). La conciencia en el hinduismo: lectura desde la objetividad y subjetividad de la conciencia unificada. Hallazgos, 3(6), 133-148. https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-3841.2006.0006.08
Gómez J. y Castillo, M. (2023). Neuromitología. En S. J. Villaseñor-Bayardo y C. Rojas, coords.), Neurociencias y humanidades: un nuevo paradigma en psiquiatría (pp. 241-257). Página Seis.
Greyson, B. (2013, 28 de diciembre). “Is Consciousness Produced by the Brain?” by Bruce Greyson [conferencia en video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPGZSC8odIU
Heisenberg, W. (1962). Physics and Philosophy: The Revolution in Modern Science. Harper & Row Publishers, Inc.
James, W. (1904). La conciencia. Revista de Filosofía, Psicología y Métodos Científicos.
Jeste, D. V., Palmer, B. W., Rettew, D. C. y Boardman, S. (2015). Positive psychiatry: its time has come. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76(6): 675-683. http://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.14nr09599
Jonides, J. (2016). Gaining control. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp 81-92). Cambridge University Press.
Kak, S., Chopra, D. y Kafatos, M. (2014). Perceived reality, quantum mechanics and consciousness. Cosmology, 18, 231-245. http://cosmology.com/ConsciousTime107.html
Kinsbourne, M. (2005). Imitation as entrainment. Brain mechanisms and social consequences. En S. Herley y N. Chater (eds.), Perspectives on Imitation: From Neuroscience to Social Science, Vol. 2: Imitation, Human Development, and Culture (pp. 163-172). MIT Press.
Kintsch, W. (2016). Comprehension. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 175-178). Cambridge University Press.
Kitayama, S. (2016). The collective construction of the self: culture, brain and genes. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 400-404). Cambridge University Press.
Koch, C. (2006). Why does pain hurt? En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 125-136). Oxford University Press.
LaBerge, S. (2006). Lucid dreaming is a metaphor for enlightenment. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 137-148). Oxford University Press.
LeDoux, J. (2016). Coming full circle: from psychology to neuroscience and back. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 28-31). Cambridge University Press.
Leong, D. (2024, 10 de enero). Quantum resonance with the mind: a comparative analysis of Buddhism's eighth consciousness, quantum holography and Jung's collective unconscious. Qeios. https://doi.org/10.32388/7SIZ7P
Locke, J. (1690). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. En repositorio.unal.edu.co.
Loftus, E. F. (2007). Autobiography. En G. Lindzey y M. Runyan (eds.), History of Psychology in Autobiography (vol. IX, pp. 198-227). American Psychological Association Press.
Lolas, F. (2001). Bioética. El diálogo moral en las ciencias de la vida. Mediterráneo.
Lonergan, B. (1988). Método en teología. Ediciones Sígueme.
Lopez, S. J., Pedrotti, J. T. y Snyder, C. R. (2019). Positive Psychology: The Scientific and Practical Explorations of Human Strengths. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Markus, H. R. (2016). The personal is political… and historical and social and cultural. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 405-408). Cambridge University Press.
Mensky, M. B. (2007). Reality in quantum mechanics, Extended Everett Concept, and consciousness. Optics and Spectroscopy, 103, 461-467. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0030400X07090159
Moffic, H. S., Gogineni, R. R., Peteet, J. R., Aggarwal, N. K., Malhi, N. K. y Hankir, A. (eds.) (2024). Eastern Religions, Spirituality, and Psychiatry. An Expansive Perspective on Mental Health and Illness. Springer Nature.
Mukhopadhyay, R. (2014). Quantum mechanics, objective reality, and the problem of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 21(11-12), 57-80.
Nadeau, R. y Kafatos, M. (1999). The Non-Local Universe: The New Physics and Matters of the Mind. Oxford University Press.
Neumann, E. (1979). Creative Man: Five Essays. Princeton University Press.
Nongbri, B. (2013). Before Religion: A History of a Modern Concept. Yale University Press
O’Regan, K. (2006). There’s nothing there until you actually wonder what’s there. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 160-172). Oxford University Press.
Padilla, E. R. y Padilla, A. M. (eds.). (1977). Transcultural Psychiatry: An Hispanic Perspective. Spanish Speaking Mental Health Research Center.
Pessoa, F. (2013). Libro del desasosiego. Acantilado.
Popper, K. R. y Eccles, J. C. (1977). The Self and its Brain: An Argument for Interactionism. Springer Verlag.
Posner, M. I. (2016). Imaging the human brain. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 58-61). Cambridge University Press.
Ramachandran, V. S. (1995). Anosognosia in parietal lobe syndrome. Consciousness and Cognition, 4(1), 22-51. https://doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1995.1002
Ramachandran, V. S. (2001). Sharpening up ‘the Science of Art’. An interview whith Anthony Freeman. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8(1), 9-30. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=2c6058ee51b682b3f15d1dde01c9a1487ea2c175
Ramachandran, V. S. (2004). A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness. From Impostor Poodles to Purple Numbers. PI Press.
Real Academia Española (1984). Diccionario de la lengua española (20.ª ed., t. I). Editorial Espasa-Calpé.
Reca, M. (2023). El lenguaje poético en psicopatología transcultural. En S. J. Villaseñor-Bayardo y C. Rojas (coords.), Neurociencias y humanidades: un nuevo paradigma en psiquiatría (pp. 145-153). Página Seis.
Roazen, P. (1984). Freud and his followers. New York University Press.
Robbins, T. W. (2016). Different mechanisms of cognitive flexibility within the prefrontal cortex. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 62-65). Cambridge University Press.
Rodríguez, J. C. (2023). Subjetividad, intersubjetividad y neurociencias: hacia otro paradigma. En S. J. Villaseñor-Bayardo y C. Rojas (coords.), Neurociencias y humanidades: un nuevo paradigma en psiquiatría (pp. 259-271). Página Seis.
Ryan, R. M. (2016). The empirical study of human autonomy using self-determination theory. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 311-315). Cambridge University Press.
Ryan, R. M. y Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness. Guilford Press.
Schacter, D. L. (2016). Memory: beyond remembering. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 148-151). Cambridge University Press.
Scheier, M. F. (2016). Behavioral self-regulation: a little optimism goes a long way. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 316-319). Cambridge University Press.
Schwartz, J. M. y Begley, S. (2002). The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force. Regan Books.
Searle, J. (2006). I don’t understand a word of Chinese. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 198-212). Oxford University Press.
Sheldrake, R. (2009). Morphic Resonance: The Nature of Formative Causation. Park Street Press.
Stapp, H. P. (1999). Attention, intention and will in the quantum physics. En B. Libet, A. Freeman y K. Sutherland (eds.), The Volitional Brain: towards Neuroscience of Free Will (pp. 144-164). Imprint Academic.
Sternberg, R. J. (2016). What does it mean to be intelligent? En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 183-186). Cambridge University Press.
Trout, J. D. (2002). Scientific explanation and the sense of understanding. Philosophy of Science, 69(2), 212-233. https://doi.org/10.1086/341050
Ullman, L. P. y Krasner, L. (1967). The psychological model. En T. Millon (ed.), Theories of Psychopathology (pp. 338-350). W. B. Saunders Co.
Valverde, R., Korotkov, K. y Swanson, C. (2022). The Quantum Hologram Theory of Consciousness as a framework for altered states of consciousness. NeuroQuantology, 20(3), 187-197. https://neuroquantology.com/media/article_pdfs/187-197.pdf
Varela, F. (2006). We’re naïve about consciousness, like people before Galileo looking at the sky. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 222-232). Oxford University Press.
Villani, D., Sorgente, A., Ianello, P. y Antonietti, A. (2019). The role of spirituality and religiosity in subjective wellbeing of individuals with different religious status. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1525. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01525
Walton, J. (2017). The significance of consciousness studies and quantum physics for researching spirituality. Journal for the Study of Spirituality, 7(1), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2017.1290029
Wegner, D. (2006). Don’t think about a white bear. En S. Blackmore (ed.), Conversations on Consciousness (pp. 245-257). Oxford University Press.
Wilson, T. D. (2016). The scientific study of self-knowledge. En R. J. Sternberg, S. T. Fiske y D. J. Foss (eds.), Scientists Making a Difference (pp. 268-272). Cambridge University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Carlos F. Cáceres, Renato Alarcón
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All articles published in Acta Herediana are under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 International license.
The authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work registered with the Creative Commons License, which allows third parties to use what is published whenever they mention the authorship of the work, and to the first publication in this magazine.
Authors can make other independent and additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version published in this journal, provided they clearly indicate that the work was published in this journal.
The authors can file in the repository of their institution:
The research work or thesis of degree from which the published article derives.
The pre-print version: the version prior to peer review.
The Post-print version: final version after peer review.
The definitive version or final version created by the publisher for publication.
